Districts of Moscow. Konkovo district. History of the Konkovo district.

History of Belyaevo-Konkovo

The residential area of Belyaevo, which has been part of Konkovo since 1995, has become a kind of architectural experiment. The famous architect Yakov Borisovich Belopolsky, one of the creators of the Motherland monument on Mamayev Kurgan, had a hand in it. Green residential areas with schools and kindergartens, shops and hairdressers, telegraph offices and savings banks are located along the main street with access to the metro. This architectural solution, adopted in the process of creating the Belyaevo district, was first called a “living environment.”

1964 is the year the construction of the Konkovo district began.

Since 1964, the area has been actively built up with five- and nine-story buildings; in 1981, the first 16-story buildings appeared here. And in the early 2000s. They began to demolish old Khrushchev buildings and build new modern residential buildings in their place. Even then, wanting to preserve the atmosphere and appearance of Soviet microdistricts, the Polish architect wrote the book “Belyaevo Forever,” in which he proposed including the area on the UNESCO list.

Natural conditions

Relief

The Konkovo district is located in the central part of the Teplostan Upland, on two hills. One of them is located near the Konkovo metro station, and the other is 500 m north of the Belyaevo metro station. These places reach their maximum height on the Teplostanskaya Upland, which is 255 m above sea level and is located next to the Teply Stan metro station at the intersection of Profsoyuznaya Street and Novoyasenevsky Prospekt (indicated by a large boulder). The watershed runs along the line of Profsoyuznaya Street. Therefore, it is typical for the Konkovo region that the existing ravines, the movement of water flows after rain or melting snow usually goes in the east or west direction from the watershed line. The relatively ancient age of the relief, its relative height and softness of the rocks determined the strong dissection of the Teplostan Upland massif by an erosional network with relative heights of 35-60 m. The upper reaches of valleys and ravines in some places are very close to watershed heights, the lines of their slopes intersect, and the area becomes erosive and ridged relief. Here, erosion has already destroyed all traces of the moraine relief. This process was especially active in the mid-1960s[5] during the preparation of sites for the construction of Konkov microdistricts.

Vegetation and fauna

The residential areas are adjacent to the green zone "Troparevo", the estate "Uzkoe" and the Bitsevsky forest. The parks are dominated by birch (38%), linden (19%), and there are larch, aspen, alder, spruce, oak and other tree species. At the end of April, the clearweed blooms. By the twentieth of May, the early spring species have faded, but at the same time the purple spring peas are blooming, and with it the forest chickweed, lily of the valley, kupena, bird cherry, lilac and acacia. At the beginning of summer, speedwell, tenacious and other herbs bloom, and strawberries bloom along the edges and clearings. In late summer and until the end of autumn, peach-leaved bellflower, goldenrod, Robert's geranium and others bloom.

The fauna includes 115 species, including 28 species of mammals, 77 species of birds, 4 species of reptiles and 6 species of amphibians. The house sparrow, swift, city swallow, rock pigeon, rook, jackdaw, raven, hoodie, white wagtail, barn swallow, starling, pied flycatcher, chaffinch, wild ducks, tits, blackbirds, bullfinches and nightingales nest in the area.[ 5]

Climate

The climate of the Konkovo region is generally similar to the climate of Moscow (See Climate of Moscow

)

Structure and accessibility of the Konkovo district

The main Profsoyuznaya street passes through Konkovo, under which the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya metro line runs. It seems that it is a long way from here to the center of Moscow (as many as 9 stations), but in fact it takes about 20 minutes to travel from Konkovo to Kitay-Gorod, and this is faster than by car.

Traffic jams on the roads in Konkovo are much better than in other districts of Moscow. So residents of Konkovo can safely talk about excellent transport accessibility.

The entire area can be divided into two poles: residential in the area of the Konkovo and Belyaevo metro stations and industrial in the area of the Kaluzhskaya metro station.

The entire area can be divided into two poles: on its southern side, near the Konkovo and Belyaevo metro stations, residential buildings are concentrated, in the north, near the Kaluzhskaya metro station, there is an industrial zone.

Konkovo metro station area

This place became popular among Muscovites almost 20 years ago, when the Konkovo fair was opened near the metro station. People from all over the city came here to shop. Today the fair has turned into the Konkovo-Passage shopping complex with modest shopping arcades, but a very fashionable Ecomarket and a modern food court. In the food court you can drink coffee at the CezveCoffee coffee shop, try national cuisine at the Dagestan Shop, the Chinese News restaurant or the Mexican taco bar Tacodor, try a real baguette at the French bakery COMME A PARIS.

From the Konkovo metro station you can leisurely walk to the Teply Stan landscape reserve and the Uzkoe forest park. Thanks to these large green areas, as well as the unique location of the area and the absence of large industry, there is a favorable environmental situation here. In areas located closer to the center of Moscow, higher atmospheric pollution is recorded, and Teply Stan and Yasenevo suffer from noise pollution - the Vnukovo landing routes pass over them. Konkovo, being on the Teplostanskaya Upland, is blown by winds from the south and southwest, carrying the clean air of the Moscow region.

Not far from the metro there is one of the largest natural history museums in the world - the Paleontological Museum. Yu.A. Orlova. His exhibitions impress not only schoolchildren interested in dinosaurs, but also adults.

Paleontological Museum named after. Yu.A. Orlova in Konkovo

Anyone who wants to see the skeletons of a mammoth and a tyrannosaurus, enjoy the Moscow nature and breathe fresh air for a few days (you still won’t be able to do everything in one day) can stay in an inexpensive hostel or dormitory near the Konkovo metro station. For car enthusiasts, there is a place where you can leave your car.

"Belyaevo" metro area

Belyaevo can be called the center of cultural life of the entire Konkovo region. However, the events of 1974 that took place here left an imprint on the artistic culture of the entire country. That year, the so-called “Bulldozer Exhibition” took place here, thanks to which many conceptual artists came out of hiding.

Bulldozer exhibition, which took place in Belyaevo in 1974.

Today, 150 m from the entrance to the metro, there is the Belyaevo art gallery, which, together with the Identity Center, talks about the history and heritage of the area.

Kaluzhskaya metro area

Right at the entrance to the Kaluzhskaya metro station there is a shopping mall, which is visited mainly by residents of the surrounding areas. It is adjacent to tall business centers and small office buildings.

In the Kaluzhskaya area there is the legendary Vorontsovo industrial zone. It is legendary because it is shrouded in many myths and legends of the X-Files level: people in protective clothing and masks are regularly found on its territory, and entry to many objects is carried out only with passes.

Legendary and mythical industrial zone on Kaluzhskaya

But it’s a stretch to call this place an industrial zone, because there are no large industrial enterprises in Konkovo; its main activity is scientific. There are about 20 design and research institutes (including departmental and secret ones), for example:

Branches of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences;
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Interdepartmental Center for Analytical Research in the Field of Physics, Chemistry and Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Scientific and Technological Center for Unique Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Institute of Space Research RAS.

The second name of this place – “Construction Site” – is due to the fact that many objects, the construction of which began in the last century, remained unfinished.

But in the near future, everything should change: Vorontsovo, like many other industrial zones in Moscow, is included in the renovation program. According to the new project, a large residential complex, a medical center, several office buildings, a sports and fitness complex with a swimming pool, as well as a school and kindergarten should be built here.

The Kaluzhskaya metro station is also expected to undergo transformation; in 2021, they plan to open the Vorontsovskaya metro station on the Big Circle Line next door. A passage will be built between them, protected from rain and wind. Together with intercepting parking and underground pedestrian crossings, a new transport hub will be created here.

For those interested in urban mysteries and legends, there is a convenient hostel in the Kaluzhskaya area. For guests and employees of research institutes, shopping and office centers, as well as builders of new facilities, there are many hostels with excellent service and affordable prices.

Where to stay in Konkovo

Regardless of the purpose for which you decide to visit Konkovo - to enjoy the clean air, try to unravel the mystery of the “Construction Site” or get acquainted with the culture of the area - you will be greeted by a comfortable hostel or cozy hostel near the Kaluzhskaya and Belyaevo metro stations. Regular cleaning of the premises, change of bed linen, car parking on site or nearby, as well as comfortable places to relax - all this will cost 220-600 rubles. per day per person.

"Dorm on Kaluzhskaya"

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"Hostel on Kaluzhskaya"

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"Dorm on Miklouho-Maclay"

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HISTORY of the Konkovo district
In the 12th century, there was a Slavic settlement of the Vyatichi on the territory of Konkov, this is confirmed by excavations of mounds carried out in the 19th century. At the beginning of the 17th century, two villages were known: Konkovo-Sergievskoye and Konkovo-Troitskoye. At the end of the 17th century in Konkovo-Troitsky there was an estate of an associate of Peter I G.I. Golovkin. In 1769, both villages were acquired by the palace department and merged into one name - Konkovo. What has survived from the Konkovo ensemble is: a church built around 1694, which is a small compact building in the spirit of the Naryshkin Baroque with a characteristic white-stone decor, and a white-stone obelisk from the second half of the 17th century, shaped like a greatly enlarged milestone of the Catherine era. New areas arose on the site of the ancient villages of Belyaevo, Konkovo, Derevlevo. To get here from Moscow, you had to travel 15-20 miles along the Stolbovaya Road. The Konkovo estate passed from one hand to another. In 1776, Catherine II bought the Konkovo estate. According to the design of Vasily Bazhenov, a palace was to be built in Konkovo. The other two were built in Tsaritsyn and in the village of Bulatnikov. All these three palaces shared the same fate - they were not completed. After the retreat of Napoleonic troops from Moscow along the Kaluga road, the church was significantly damaged and was closed in 1813. And in 1990 they consecrated it as Trinity and began restoration. Since 1960, “Konkovo” has been within Moscow and an area of mass housing construction. Now on the site of the disappeared village and estate there is a residential area between Profsoyuznaya, Miklouho-Maklaya, Volgin, Ostrovityanova streets. They are reminiscent of the remains of a regular park of the 18th century, an apple orchard and an ancient church (functioning) - what remains of the ancient village of Konkovo. “Konkovo” is one of the largest, and at the same time, one of the most attractive districts of Moscow for residents. The area fits very harmoniously into the structure of the South-Western District, bordered on three sides by the green areas of the Bitsevsky forest park, Uzkoy and Troparevo. The area is home to 140 thousand people, which corresponds to a good city in the Russian Federation. It must be said frankly that from our predecessors we received a fairly developed infrastructure: there are no big problems with transport or communications in the region, we have a fairly developed network of educational and cultural institutions. At the same time, as the prefect of the South-Western District P. N. Aksenov notes: “Konkovo” is an area of mass residential development, where the working-age population is slightly more than 50%, but the number of children and, especially, pensioners is large. This, in turn, poses two major tasks for the administration of the South-Western District and the district administration - the development and strengthening of housing and communal services and the development of the social sphere, including issues of protecting certain groups of the population.
PHOTOS of the Konkovo district
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