Karate greeting before training in Japanese. Varieties and techniques for performing greetings

This Russian-Japanese phrasebook with pronunciation and transcription includes common words and expressions for everyday communication: standard phrases of greetings, thanks, questions, requests, a set of words for communication in shops, restaurants, hotels, orientation in a new and unfamiliar place and much more.

Typically, English is used for communication in the tourism industry. At the same time, knowing and using common polite phrases that the Japanese phrasebook offers will help establish contact and earn the respect of the local population.

In the Russian-Japanese phrasebook for tourists, pronunciation is given based on transcription. The colon indicates the longitude of the sound. For convenience, you can download the Russian-Japanese phrasebook for free in pdf format.

Greetings

Standard phrases

Many ways to say “thank you” in Japanese

This publication was started on November 24th, US Thanksgiving Day (the Canadian one has long passed) and the collection turned out to be quite thematic, because it contains many ways to say “thank you” in Japanese

So, let's go?

thanks for all

Variations depending on styles

colloquial )、いろいろいろありがとうな (simple colloquial) neutral)

Thank you very much

本当にありがとう(ほんとうにありがとう – general colloquial)、本当にありがとうございます（ more neutral and formal compared to the previous version)

A simple conversational “thank you”

ありがとう, can also be heard among young people サンキュー from English. (thank you)

Thank you so much. I'm really, really, really grateful to you.

本当に、本当にどうもありがとう ございます

Well, thank you to excuse yourself:とにかくありがとう（ございます） － whatever it was, thank you (you)

Of course, the list would be incomplete withoutどうもありがとうございます– thank you very much. You can also “play around” with different parts of this stable expression of gratitude: you can say simply どうも、 or you can say a slightly more complicated どうもありがとう.

It is also worth mentioning the expression それはどうも - thank you for that. Or Thank you for this (with an emphasis on what gratitude is actually being expressed for).

Next is a slight complication of the designs. Gratitude for something (including an abstract-formal object) is used using the construction をありがとう

メールをありがとう（ございます） － thanks for the email

the answer (thank you for answering)

the wonderful gift . For more formality, it’s not a sin to add ございます

Let's move on, more complex and at the same time easy constructions (after all, they are passed at the JLPT N4 levels) and gratitude is expressed for a certain action:てありがとございますAlso don't forget :

おうえんしていただいてありがとうございます） － thank you for your support

Thanks for your advice

Thank you very much for telling us/ explained

Also even more formal thank you options:

be , grateful . The forms いただき / くださり do not work in Minna no Nihngo, but they can often be found in books on the business version of the Japanese language. Yes, we also took and constantly used this particular form in business Japanese courses.

You can “heavier” the above-mentioned constructions even more, and make them the most grateful to the depths of your soul and even deeper, using the word 誠（まこと） - to be sincere (in this case, with gratitude to someone)

Let's take a couple of the above examples.

( えいぶんおしえてくださり、まことにありがとうございます） － Thank you for interpreting this sentence in English

or, since the above examples were promised, it would be better to take アドバイスをしてくれて、まことにありがとうございます– very sincere thank you for the advice you gave

Well, now you can, so to speak, exhale a little - you can be grateful for something using the construction感謝しています（かんしゃしています）- “I am so grateful to you for the fact that...”, or more polite options: 感謝しております, as well as 心より感謝いたします, once I even had to see 感謝いたしております. And a few examples of cliché phrases below:

- I am grateful to you to the bottom of my heart

I am grateful to you from the bottom of my heart

I am so deeply grateful

Thank you, and I am forever obliged to you, you can convey it in the form恩に着る(よ) – おんにきる（よ）

もしそうしてくれたならいつまでも恩に着る－ if you do this for me, I will be immensely grateful to you (I am obliged to die)

Working moments in gratitude

It is also worth making a branch from here into related gratitude: for work, for service or work rendered, and so on.

Firstly, for the fact that they did something to you and literally “saved” you, you say this:

助かりました （たすかりました）、 or less formal 助かった（たすかった） － oh, well, you really saved me = thank you

Continuing the theme of work, at work you can hear an expression familiar from Minna’s textbooks:ごくろうさま（です） , which will be written in kanji as ご苦労様です. Literally, “thank you for your work” = “I really appreciate the effort you put into your work.” It happens that the boss will casually throw out just ごくろう, but in anime and everyday speech-slang (for example, in the same tweets) he can slipご苦労さん（ごくろうさん）、or even ご苦労チャン （ごくろうちゃん） , and the other day we even metご苦労君 (ごくろうくん） . All these expressions are “thank you” for the work. However, it is worth remembering that only theごくろうさま（です） , i.e. you should remember to whom and in what setting gratitude is given for the work.

And also, at the same rate, it’s worth recalling that ご苦労様です is said by superiors or colleagues of higher status. And only friends can throw a malicious 「はい、はい、ご苦労チャン」 - Okay, okay, you are MALADES, thanks (informal language is used specifically in the Russian version)

Much more common thank you and “goodbye” among work colleagues

Thank you, you did a good job and further on the context (

おさきにしつれいします）. In general, according to this site, the expression お疲れ様 is used regardless of position and status “above-below”. But, it’s better to say お疲れ様です to newcomers at work.

It seems that the work chapter on how they say thank you (and in fact this is a harbinger of “goodbye” at work) has come to its logical conclusion. Although it is worth noting thatお疲れさん、and お疲れちゃん can also be found in slang, they are also used to playing with nominal politeness suffixes, as we saw above in the example with ごくろうくんom.

Now there is a rather interesting topic, which is covered at least in manga comics published by educational literature publishers, that, say, words of apology (usually the word すみません）、 can express gratitude, i.e. thank you. This is worth dwelling on in more detail .

So, the wordすみません（ and with it the more colloquialわるい、すまないand the very colloquial male dialectわりぃ, which is often combined with the corresponding particle な） can mean, oddly enough, “thank you.” Of course, here, as in many of the examples above, context is very important. Of course, we are also accustomed to the fact that すみません means “sorry,” but there are situations in which this same “sorry” is equated to “thank you.” So, the context of such expressions is that by your request (or something else) you caused your interlocutor trouble and discomfort (for example, you asked him to call early and wake him up, you borrowed an umbrella from him or her, you asked him to drop everything and, say, bring it from the warehouse box, asked to help with lunch, etc., where you burden your friend with your cravings. The person agreed and you can say すみません、 well, the guy can generally sayわりぃ- fans of manga and anime are aware of this tradition).

Be that as it may, formal or not, the form means “thank you.”

You can also, in some cases, hear different “transformer phrases” from the words of gratitude that have already been discussed in this publication: for example, you can hearどうもすみません、ありがとうございます. Just like that!

Since we were talking about すみません as a “thank you”, it is also worth including in this list恐れ入ります (おそれいります） － “thank you”. However, this expression is not for everyday speech. You will see it in reference books on Japanese business vocabulary language. You can often see this on sites where technical support or custom service communicates with their clients (business representatives can use this expression in relation to clients). It is believed that恐れ入ります is a mega-polite form of すみません. However, reference books indicate the meaning of 恐れ入ります only as a “thank you,” while すみません is also “sorry.”

This concludes the paragraph on apologizing as a “thank you” as well. However, the gratitude does not end there. Since we started talking about business above, it’s worth mentioning small businesses and shops where you can hear:

, come visit us again (he sends off words of gratitude to his client, who I just bought something in a shop).

In fact,まいどis a short form of毎度あり, and this form in turn is a short form of毎度ありがとうございます. The meaning of all phrases is the same: gratitude to customers who constantly come to your shop or cafe. It is also easy to remember this expression by the fact that毎度、まいど – “every time”, in other words, gratitude for every new visit that you pay to the owners of the business (also, in some contexts the author of this message saw the translation “it’s always a pleasure to do business with you” , although in essence this is not a business partnership, but work with the clientele, on which the business owner, oh, how much he depends).

Well, since we were talking aboutまいど、, it’s worth remembering the Kansai expression of gratitude まいどおおきに - thank you very much (this is in relation to clients). Or simply おおきに – thank you in the Kansai region in general. By the way, おおきに is in turn an abbreviation forおおきにありがとう, so that in Kansai they also say ありがとう；）.

Modern and ancient “thank you”

And, since we are already talking about dialects, it is worth remembering “samurai-go” (武士語（もののふ語）） – archaic Japanese, which is inherent, according to evidence of samurai speech. Also, a characteristic set of phrases is used by otaku who study the culture of “bushi ", and fans of manga, anime, or dramas about samurai (or all together). Moreover, they are fans to such an extent that they use this set of phrases and grammatical expressions in everyday speech. So, instead of words of gratitude, if we are talking about 武士語, you can hear忝い、辱い－ which are pronounced likeかたじけないand mean “huge gratitude”, “thank you”.

Well, since we remembered the archaic form of gratitude, it’s worth remembering slang. What can you say thank you for on the Internet?

フォロバあり/ ふぉろばあり– thank you for following (in particular, this applies primarily to Twitter)

ファボあり/ ふぁぼあり– thank you for liking my tweet (added my post to favorites)

リツイあり– thanks for the retweet

おはリプあり– say “good morning” in response to the morning greeting and at the same time thank you for something

おはあり– good morning and thank you!

おやあり– good night and thank you

おつあり– another slang for お疲れ様＋ありがとう – you did a good job, thanks, well done

ほかてらあり– Thank you for telling me to “enjoy your bath”

So the Japanese youth are having fun, that is, thanking them

As you can see, in Internet slang ありがとう、 is shortened to あり、, as has already been done in まいどあり.

Well, now it’s time to start a new chapter of this message. Thank someone for the result achieved or hopes realized. This is expressed in the grammatical form found in textbooks for levels N3-N2 -のおかげ（で、だ、です）。More details - in the cheat sheet on this site or in textbooks. Just one example will be given here:

あなたのおかげで私が儲かる－ Thank you - I have a benefit (only thanks to you I have income).

However, although infrequently, おかげ can be pronounced in a negative, malicious sense, so be careful:

Well, thank you, I'm late now. (this can be heard, again, in anime or simple speech, of course, examples in textbooks hardly illustrate this with examples).

Praise and how to thank for it

Well, and finally, an important “thank you” in response to a compliment: if you were praised, then you say ...そんな(yes, what are you, what are you, what are you... I am... I... just). But essentially this also applies to “thank you” for your compliment. Well, and a few more polite and formal options:ます – thank you for the praise . But another cliche phrase will be even more modest:お褒めいただき恐縮です (おほめいただききょうしゅくです） － I am embarrassed and touched by your praise. And also the quite often used phraseも worth yours at all praise (you are too wasteful in complimenting me). Well, and another cliché option : “Thank you” in response to praise and compliments.

If you notice that some fairly common and very important “thank you” was missed, please inform the author of the community (preferably VK). Thanks in advance everyone.

By the way, some of these phrases will be useful to those who are preparing to listen in Japanese. Of course, the compilers of exam tests do not take into account slang and samuraigo. But other cliche phrases may “light up” in the listening section of short answers (3 answer options)

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Railway station

How and who to greet in karate?

Since one of the principles of karate is respect for the world around us, training begins and ends with a bow. One of the bows is used as a greeting:

1. Low (performed from a sitting position);
2. High (performed standing from the Musubi-dachi position).

The first bow is considered the most respectful greeting. It is performed at the beginning of the lesson, when it is necessary to greet the teacher (sensei), opponents and the place where the training will take place. They also close the session with a low bow to thank those present for the joint training that helped strengthen strength and spirit.

A high bow is used when a fighter addresses a teacher, greets an opponent before sparring, enters or leaves the gym before training. It should be remembered that the starting position for bowing is the Musubi-dachi stance: the heels are brought together, the toes are spread apart at an angle of 45°, the body is straight.

There are several types of greeting bows, but the greeting procedure itself takes place according to established rules . When entering the training room, you should bow to the center of the hall. Then say the greeting “Shinzen-ni-rei”, thus paying tribute to the founders of the karate school. After this, it is the turn to bow to the teacher and comrades.

To do this, students must stand in one row: the first are the athletes who have already received a black belt, followed by the holders of a brown belt, then blue, red, and then in descending order. As soon as each karateka has taken his place, the greeting can begin. In some schools, it is customary to say hello by saying “Osu, keiko o-negaishimas,” which means “Please teach me a lesson.” Such a greeting would be appropriate to use in relation to coaches, athletes of a higher rank, or holders of black belts.

Varieties of greetings in karate

A beginning karateka needs not only to be able to bow, but also to understand at what stage of training and for what purpose this or that bow is used. Traditionally, there are eight main types of greetings in karate. Each of them has its own purpose:

• shomen-ni-rei - bow forward, performed towards the front side of the dojo (the hall where karate classes are held);
• shinzen -ni rei - a bow expressing respect to the ancestors and creators of karate;
• sensei-ni-rei - a greeting bow to the teacher (sensei);
• shihan-ni-ray - bow intended for masters - holders of 5-7 dans;
• senpai-ni-rei - bow addressed to senior students;
• otagai-ni-ray - a greeting bow to the opponent;
• dza-ray – bow while sitting;
• ritsu-rei - standing bow.

When bowing, a fighter does not just greet the teacher and opponents. According to karate etiquette, "rei" is a formal ceremony, one of the purposes of which is to establish a trusting relationship between the participants in the fight. Proper greetings before kumite are extremely important, because if competitors trust each other and remember mutual respect, the likelihood of one of them causing injury or jeopardizing the other's life is minimized.

Passport control

Orientation in the city

Pronunciation guide[edit]

Currently, Japanese is a non-tonal language. It is recommended to speak without any accent at all. There are some intonation features in language that can affect understanding.

Japanese writing is quite complex; mastering it within the framework of a phrasebook is problematic. Most roots have characters of Chinese origin, which can be read in Japanese or Chinese, depending on the situation. Words of non-Japanese origin are written using the katakana syllabary. The few native Japanese words for which there are no characters are expressed using the hiragana syllabary. Hiragana is used to convey suffixes and endings that are assigned to roots (written in hieroglyphs, hiragana or katakana). Each katakana character uniquely corresponds to a hiragana sign, so it would be completely possible to use only hiragana or only katakana without hieroglyphs (which the Japanese successfully do in telegrams, SMS, etc., as well as when teaching children to read and write), but according to tradition all three systems are used simultaneously.

Vowels[edit]

Examples: [hitotsu] = [htots], [futatsu] = [ftats], [desu] = [des], [chikatetsu] = [tkatets]

The Japanese language distinguishes between long and short vowels (for the Russian language this difference is not significant, so you need to train to distinguish and reproduce long/short vowels).

Consonants [edit]

In Japanese, just like in Russian, there is a distinction between hard and soft consonants.

[p, t, k] before vowels of the first row are aspirated, i.e. pronounced with aspiration, especially in emotional speech;

Sound [n] [edit]

The sound [n] in Japanese, in addition to forming syllables like other vowels, also exists in the form of an independent syllable. This sound is called “moraic [n]” or “nasal [n]”. There are several features characteristic of this sound:

Common diphthongs[edit]

Transport

Hotel

Arigatou gozaimashita

Now about “arigatou gozaimashita”.

First I'd like to explain "gozaimashita".

"gozaimashita" is the past tense of "gozaimasu". We use the past tense because... we say this at the end of training, when we bow. Again, this is a polite form.

"Arigatou", according to the Japanese dictionary, was changed from "arigataku" for ease of pronunciation. ?originally was “arigataku gozaimasu” and after a while it was transformed into the present “arigatou gozaimasu”.

Now we know how the word was pronounced before and how it was changed.

I'd like to talk about the meaning of "arigato". It is to give thanks or to be grateful, but let's look at the original meaning of this word. To understand the true meaning of arigato, you can look at its other form - the adjective arigatai.

Arigatai was originally understood as "rare" and was inherited into concepts such as "excellent", "valuable" and "appreciation".

* In modern Japanese, we do not use arigatai to mean "excellent" or "valuable." We need to know these meanings when we read old Japanese works.

Thus, "arigatou gozaimasu" has the meaning: "I am grateful to you because this does not happen to me all the time."

This rarely happens, so you appreciate it.

Emergencies

Dates and times

Greeting technique

Almost all bows have a similar technique of execution and differ only in the starting position: some greetings are performed from a sitting position, some - in standing positions. The differences also lie in who exactly needs to be greeted. In this regard, bows for masters, senior students and beginning athletes have different names.

Shomen-ni-ray

Bowing to the front of the hall, performed at the beginning and end of training. This type of greeting embodies one of the principles of karate philosophy - to recognize the greatness of the spiritual ideal, which one should strive for while in the material world. Typically, students bow to a portrait hanging on the wall of one of the great martial arts masters.

Execution order: back straight, gaze slightly lowered, head and body on the same line. The arms are lowered, the palms are pressed to the hips; while bowing, they should be kept in their original position. Then a bow is made in complete silence. In this case, the body tilt should be about 45°.

Sensei-ni-rei

A bow intended for teachers and athletes with the rank of 4th dan and above. Just like senpai-ni-rei, which is used to greet students up to the second dan, and shihan-ni-rei - a bow for masters - is performed from a kneeling position.

Execution order: arms should be bent at the elbows, hands clenched into fists, back straight, head in line with the body. When bowing, you need to hit the floor with the front of your fists while shouting “Osu!”

Otagai-ni-ray

Through this bow, partners greet each other before kumite.

Execution order: stand opposite each other in the Hachiji-dachi position (legs shoulder-width apart, feet spread apart at an angle of 45°). Then move to the Musubi-dachi stance (heels together, toes pointed out to the sides, similar to the previous position). The attacking athlete takes a step with his right foot, placing it towards his left, and the fighter who must defend himself repeats the same actions, but in a mirror image. Next, you should look your opponent in the eyes, and then lean forward, keeping your body straight, at an angle of approximately 30°. After one or two seconds, you need to straighten up, again establish eye contact with your partner and return to the original Hachiji-dachi stance.

Dza-ray

To perform this bow, you need to take a sitting position (seiza): first go down on your left knee, then on your right, and then sit on your heels. The knees must be spread wide and the feet placed one on top of the other. Place your palms with your fingers tightly clenched (with the exception of the thumb, which should be set to the side) on the tatami in front of your knees at a distance of about 15 cm. Bend forward without lifting your hips from your heels, almost touching your palms with your forehead. After bowing, you should straighten up and leave the seiza position, first rising on your right leg and then on your left.

Ritsu-rei

This greeting is performed in a standing position. The starting position is the Musubi-dachi stance: heels together, toes to the sides, arms down along the body and pressed to the hips. The gaze is focused straight ahead. Next, you need to slightly lean your body forward, stay in this position for a second, then straighten up. If, after the ritsu-rei bow, a fight with the enemy is planned, then, completing the greeting, you need to put your left and then right leg aside, and clench your hands into fists to take the Yoi-dachi position (position of readiness for battle).

Welcome and farewell bows during martial arts classes are an integral part of karate etiquette, which is also intertwined with everyday life. Thanking a friend for his help, helping elders, being honest with others - all these actions to varying degrees reflect the moral and ethical principle of “ray”. A true karateka respects not only his opponent and teacher, but also everyone who meets him on the way. This must be one of the main aspects of karate as an art.

Purchases

Restaurant

How to say thanks in Japanese in different situations

If you are treated to dinner, then before starting the meal you need to say itadakimasu, this is the equivalent of our “bon appetit”. And after having dinner, it is customary to say gochisou sama deshita.

いただきます - itadakimasu - itadakimas - bon appetit

ごちそうさまでした - gochisou sama deshita - gochiso sama deshita - thank you, it was delicious

When the work day is over, you can say otsukaresama desu, which roughly translates to “thank you for a good day at work/thank you for your hard work.” Literally it will be “you are very tired from work.”

With a phrase like this, you express your gratitude for hard work and tell the person that he has worked hard all day and now it is time to rest.

お疲れさまです - otsukaresama desu - otsukaresama des - thank you for a good day at work

Osaka has its own dialectical expression for expressing gratitude: ookini. It means "thank you" or "please." Ookini should be used at the end of a sentence for polite address.

If earlier this word was used together with arigatou, that is, ookini arigatou, today the shortened version ookini is popular.

おおきに - ookini - ookini - thank you

Numbers and numbers

We hope that the Japanese phrasebook posted on the site will be useful during your trip to Japan - in solving household, transport and other common issues.