- November 16, 2018
- Tips for tourists
- Rezeda Zaripova
The Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line consists of 22 stations. Its total length is 45.1 km, and the total travel time is 67 minutes. On metro maps it is designated number 3, but in order of opening it is second. This diametrical branch connects the central part of the city with the northwestern and eastern regions. Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya is the longest line of the Moscow metro.
The Arbatskaya metro station belongs to the considered Filyovskaya line of the Moscow metro.
The article presents one of the most popular streets in the capital - a favorite walking place for many city residents and guests of the capital. The main way to get to this place is by metro trains.
About the origin of the street name
How to get to Old Arbat? There are plenty of metro stations here. But first, let's look at the origin of the street name. There are several theories about the origin of this name. According to the main version, it is believed that it came from the Arabic word “robat”, meaning “suburb, suburb”.
In ancient times, carts were made in the vicinity of this area. It is possible that their name was taken from the word “arba”, which was used to describe a Mongolian two-wheeled cart.
The first attempt to rename this street Smolenskaya was made by Tsar A. M. Romanov, but local residents still called it in the old way - Arbat.
Belorussky Station - name
- Since the opening of the road in 1870, the station was called Smolensky, and the railway was called Moskovsko-Smolenskaya
- In 1871, when the road was extended to Brest, the station received the name Brest, and the road - Moscow-Brest
- With the opening of the new station building and in honor of the centenary of the victory over Napoleon on February 26, 1912, the railway and station became Alexandrovsky
- In August 1922, the Aleksandrovskaya and Moscow-Baltic railways merged into the Moscow-Belarussko-Baltiyskaya, and the station was called the Belorussko-Baltiysky
- In 1936, the Russian railways were reorganized and the station received the name Belorussky
Story
Old Arbat has an amazing history (the nearby metro stations are presented later in the article). He is associated with famous government and cultural figures who lived and are living in this area. Following the terrible fire of 1736, the first wave of aristocracy came here. The street began to be populated by eminent noble families: the Golitsyns, Trubetskoys, Dolgorukys, Sheremetevs, Rostopchins, Kropotkins, etc. Arbat burned down again during the War of 1812.
Cars used to drive along this street in the 1930s. Joseph Stalin himself drove along it to his residence located in Kuntsevo. Related to this is the tragic story of the students who lived at that time in house No. 43. They were charged with attempting to shoot a party leader from their apartment. This was in 1944. The situation turned out to be absurd, since the windows of this room overlooked the courtyard of the house.
General information about Old Arbat
How to get to this street to see all its historical sites? First, let us present a short description of this wonderful holiday destination.
It took 12 years for Arbat to become a pedestrian zone. It starts from Arbat Gate Square and ends at Smolenskaya Square.
This is the most famous pedestrian street not only in Moscow, but throughout Russia. This is a symbolic street. She is sung in hundreds of novels and poems. Arbat is one of the oldest streets, where, despite numerous changes, it is quite possible to feel the spirit of past eras.
Attractions
Where Old Arbat is located, there are many interesting historical and cultural sites. Incredibly beautiful ancient buildings have their own history, none of which are similar to the other.
- The famous restaurant "Prague". Arbat begins with it. Previously, the building was an apartment building for the Firsanovs. During the 17th century it was rebuilt several times, and only in 1872 a tavern of the same name appeared in it. Over the years, it has turned into a famous Moscow restaurant, familiar to many ordinary people since childhood, since it was here that the wonderful Prague cake was created.
- "Literary Mansion". House No. 9 (formerly No. 7) went down in history thanks to the names of famous visitors. This building housed the Parisien cinema, one of the first in Moscow. L.N. Tolstoy was there, and after the revolution the “Literary Mansion” opened here. S. A. Yesenin, A. Bely and V. Mayakovsky visited it.
- Vakhtangov Theater E.B. Since 1921, this cultural institution has existed in house number 26 of Old Arbat (nearest metro station “Smolenskaya”). During the Second World War, the building was almost destroyed by bombing, but in the post-war years it was rebuilt, and the theater acquired a majestic appearance.
- Museum of Optical Illusions. It is located in Maly Nikolopeskovsky Lane, a step away from Arbat. The exhibition is presented with 3D drawings and art installations that come to life from a certain angle.
“House with Knights”, a wall in memory of V. Tsoi, B. Okudzhava’s house, Pushkin’s museum-apartment and much more are historical objects located on the famous Old Arbat of Moscow. How to get there to see it all with your own eyes?
Sights and iconic places of Arbat
The main attractions are associated with the memorial apartments of famous personalities. The museums of A. Pushkin, M. Lermontov, M. Tsvetaeva are located here. Noteworthy:
- Theater named after E. Vakhtangov;
- sculptural composition “Pushkin and Natalie”;
- monument to Bulat Okudzhava;
- Museum of Perfumery;
- Hard Rock Cafe with a collection of personal belongings of famous musicians.
Religious places of Arbat - Viktor Tsoi's wall / Photobank Lori
The informal dominant feature of Arbat is the wall of Viktor Tsoi, which arose here after his tragic death in 1990. An ordinary wall of one of the houses on Krivoarbatsky Lane. has become a mecca for fans of the rock music legend of perestroika Russia. It is decorated with portraits of Tsoi, words from cult songs and sincere declarations of love.
Filevskaya line of the Moscow metro
For many Muscovites, this metro line is their favorite. This is one of the most unusual branches. One part of it meanders along the old river bed, after which it appears in comfortable areas of the western part of the capital, the other leads to the kingdom of high-tech.
Today, the largest reconstruction of its ground part in the history of the line continues. At the stations, which were built according to construction standards of the mid-20th century, load-bearing structures that have served for 60 years are being replaced. The lobbies and platforms are completely rebuilt and expanded. Thus, the Filevskaya line takes on a modern look and will serve Muscovites for many years to come.
Church of Saints Athanasius and Cyril
In the 16th century, Filippovsky Lane was the main street of the icon painters' settlement. Here was also the courtyard of Metropolitan Philip, who was killed for criticizing the cruelties of the reign of Ivan the Terrible and subsequently canonized.
church of St. Athanasius and Cyril on Sivtsev Vrazhek (No. 3/16) opens into the alley The single-domed Philippovsky Church (No. 20) with a low hipped bell tower was built by the steward I. Kosmin in 1688 on the site of a church built on the initiative of Metropolitan Philip in honor of his patron saint.
In 1818, the church, which was badly damaged during Napoleon's invasion, was given over to establish a metochion of the Jerusalem Patriarchate. The main altar was reconsecrated in the name of the Resurrection of the Word, while Filippovsky was moved to the place of the abolished St. Nicholas chapel.
How to get there by metro?
Old Arbat is a fairly long street. Before going there, you should figure out where you want to go, which part of the street. To arrive at the end of the pedestrian street, it is more convenient to go to the Smolenskaya station. If you take the beginning of the Arbat as the starting point of the walk, it is more convenient to get to the Arbatskaya station by either of the two lines.
And from VDNKh it’s easy to get to Old Arbat. How to get there by metro? To do this, you should drive from the VDNKh station to Turgenevskaya, where you need to make the transition to the Chistye Prudy station. From it you should drive 3 stops to the “Library named after. Lenina" and go to the "Alexandrovsky Sad" station of the Filevskaya line and then drive to the "Arbatskaya" station (1 stop) or to the "Smolenskaya" station (two stops). You can also go to the Arbatskaya line of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line and walk to Old Arbat.
How to get from three stations to Old Arbat? Komsomolskaya metro station is the starting point of this path. You should land at a radial metro station and after 5 stops get off at the Biblioteka im. Lenin". From here you can either walk to Arbat, or go to Arbatskaya and get out to the Khudozhestvenny Theater station. You can also travel from the Arbatskaya station one stop to the Smolenskaya station, from where you can exit to Smolenskaya Square, located at the end of the pedestrian street. From this place it is not far to walk to the theater. Vakhtangov and the monument to B. Okudzhava.
It’s easy to come from the Kuntsevo area. From the Kuntsevskaya station, take the Filevskaya line to Smolenskaya or Arbatskaya and exit to the required part of the street. If the train travels on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line, you need to get off at the Arbatskaya metro station, located on the blue metro line. The fact is that the Filevskaya blue line and the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya blue line have stations with the same names. From them there is access to the beginning of the Old Arbat, as well as to Smolenskaya Square, where the pedestrian street ends.
Trains from Belorussky Station
Belorussky Station serves trains departing in the western and southwestern directions, as well as to the northeast along the Savelovskaya line. Almost half of all trains are sent to Belarus - to Minsk and Brest, Polotsk and Grodno, Gomel and Soligorsk. From here you can go to Smolensk and Kaliningrad, Uglich and Rybinsk and to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe - Bratislava and Vienna, Munich and Paris, Prague and Karlovy Vary, Frankfurt am Main and other cities. Of the 10 tracks at the station, 6 are reserved for long-distance trains. Every day the Moscow-Belorusskaya station serves more than 30 thousand passengers and 27 pairs of trains.
Arbatskaya station
One of the closest to Old Arbat is the Arbatskaya metro station. Its depth is 41 meters. It was opened in April 1953. Today it has three connections to the following stations: “Alexandrovsky Sad” (Filevskaya line), “Biblioteka im. Lenina" (Sokolnicheskaya line) and "Borovitskaya" (Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line). The very beautiful Arbatskaya station has deservedly received the status of a cultural heritage site.
It was built according to a special project. The length of the hall is 220 meters (second in size after Sparrow Hills). The shape of the central hall is an ellipse. The architects who created the station project applied the theme of Russian architecture (style - Moscow Baroque).
The pylons in the lower part are decorated with red marble. Ceramic decorative elements with picturesque plant motifs are installed on the walls. Similar compositions are used to decorate track walls. The floors are decorated with carpet patterns of black, red and gray marble. The platforms and central hall are illuminated by gilded luxurious chandeliers.
Krivoarbatsky Lane
Having exited onto Arbat, let’s go back a little and turn into Krivoarbatsky Lane. The blank wall of a corner house, covered with graffiti, is “Tsoi’s wall,” near which fans of the deceased rock musician gather.
The House of the Military Court (No. 2) is one of the surviving city estates of the late 18th–early 19th centuries. Borisov's apartment building (No. 3) combines the style of the pseudo-Russian style with elements of modernity and neoclassicism.
A more typical example of the development of the Arbat alleys of the early twentieth century is the Zhelyaburzhsky house (No. 9), lined with multi-colored ceramic tiles.
Architect K. S. Melnikov’s own , built by him in the late 1920s, is a monument of world significance. It consists of two cylindrical volumes penetrating each other and does without any right angles both outside and inside.
The front part of the first cylinder is cut off with stained glass, and a grid of 38 hexagonal diamond-shaped windows is draped over the wall of the rear cylinder.
“I will give a prize to the one who can count how many floors there are in the house,” said K. S. Melnikov about his home. The interior layout of the house is also amazing. Currently, visiting Melnikov’s house is only possible in organized groups with a guide by appointment.
